Source: Broadcom Tomahawk Ultra is a misnomer. Although the name leverages Tomahawk's brand equity, Tomahawk Ultra represents a new architecture. In fact, when it began development, Broadcom's competitive target was InfiniBand. During development, however, AI scale-up interconnects emerged as a critical component of performance scaling, particularly for large language models (LLMs). Through luck or foresight, Tomahawk Ultra suddenly had a new and fast-growing target market. Now, the leading competitor was NVIDIA's NVLink. Also happening in parallel, Broadcom built a multi-billion-dollar business in custom AI accelerators for hyperscalers, most notably Google. At the end of April, Broadcom announced its Scale-Up Ethernet (SUE) framework, which it published and contributed to the Open Compute Project (OCP). Appendix A of the framework includes a latency budget, which allocates less than 250ns to the switch. At the time, we saw this as an impossibly low target for existing Eth...